النظرية العقابية عند الفاروق عمر في ظل سوابقه الاجتهادية - التخصص: الشريعة الإسلامية - القسم: الفقه العام

محاولة وضع نظرية عقابيه اسلاميه خاصة بالفاروق عمر رضى الله عنه من خلال فلسفته في ضوء اولوياته الاجتهادية التي لم يسبق اليها وبلورة ذلک في طريقة متکاملة ووحده واحده منضبطة تتناول اولوياته الاجتهادية في مجال العقوبات ( الحدود ـ الديات ـ التعزير) وذلک في ضوء النوازل المستحدثة في عصره ولم تحدث زمن الرسول (ﷺ ) ولا الصديق وزاد على ذلک اجتهاده في ايقاف الحدود في ظروف معينه خاصه مثل المجاعة وحالة الحرب بالإضافة لاجتهاداته الاخرى في المجالات المختلفة في الاحوال الشخصية والسياسة الحربية والمالية وغيرها، والذى اهله لذلک صفاته الربانية وفطرته السليمة واخلاصه الشديد لحماية دين الله والشرع الشريف جعلته لا يخاف في الله لومة لائم مع مراعاة احوال المسلمين واختلاف طبائع الناس وظروف الاحداث ومستندا في ذلک : اجتهاده بين يدي الرسول (ﷺ) ونزول القران في بعض الامور کأسرى بدر وغيرها، عن عقبة بن عامر - رضي الله عنه - قال: قال رسولُ الله (ﷺ) -: «لو کانَ بعدي نبيّ لکانَ عمرَ بن الخطاب». أخرجه الترمذي وقوله (ﷺ) «أوصيکم بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ وَإِنْ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يَعِشْ مِنْکُمْ بَعْدِى فَسَيَرَى اخْتِلاَفًا کَثِيرًا فعليکم بِسُنَّتِى وَسُنَّةِ الْخُلَفَاءِ الْمَهْدِيِّينَ الرَّاشِدِينَ تَمَسَّکُوا بِهَا وَعَضُّوا عَلَيْهَا بِالنَّوَاجِذِ وَإِيَّاکُمْ وَمُحْدَثَاتِ الأُمُورِ فَإِنَّ کُلَّ مُحْدَثَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ وَکُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلاَلَةٌ». سنن ابى داود.
Trying to develop an Islamic punitive theory specific to Farouk Omar, may Allah be pleased with him through his philosophy in light of his ijtihadi priorities that have never been established, and crystallizing this in a complete way and one disciplined unit dealing with his ijtihadi priorities in the field of sanctions (Limits- Indemnities- Strengthening) In light of the new comings of his time, neither the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him) nor Al Sedik , moreover his efforts to stop the limits in certain circumstances, especially such as starvation and the state of war, as well as his other ijtihad in the different fields. personal status, war policy, finance, etc. And who qualified him for this is his divine qualities and his good nature and his great sincerity to protect the religion of Allah and the Holy Sharia made him not afraid in Allah blame of any one, Taking into account Muslims' conditions and the different natures of the people and the circumstances of the events and based on that: his ijtihad in the hands of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the descent of the Qur'an in some matters such as The Prisoners of Badr and others, Narrated 'Uqbah bin 'Amir(may Allah be pleased with him): that the prophet of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "If there was Prophet after me, it would have been 'Umar bin Al-Khattab."and he (peace be upon him) also said " I counsel you to have taqwa (fear) of Allah, and to listen and obey [your leader], even if a slave were to become your ameer. Verily he among you who lives long will see great controversy, so you must keep to my Sunnah and to the Sunnah of the Khulafa ar-Rashideen (the rightly guided caliphs), those who guide to the right way. Cling to it stubbornly [literally: with your molar teeth]. Beware of newly invented matters [in the religion], for verily every bidah (innovation) is misguidance.” [ Sunan  Abu Dawud].